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Agar is phycocolloid extract of Red -purple marine algae (Class Rhodophyceae) including Gelidium, Gracilaria and Pterocladia. Agar Agar Powder is a vegetable Gelatin and one with high gelling properties which is used in microbiological culture media. It has characteristics of good clarity, controlled gelling strength and melting temperature. Good diffusion capacity absence of toxic inhibitions and free from minerals. Provide moderate flow and lighting with the supplement of Iron, Magnesium and Trace elements. High levels of phosphates or nitrates will inhibit the growth of these algae. Agar Agar Powder is used clinical, bacterial and yeast transformation studies and molecular biology studies, bacteriological agar is generally used 1 - 2% for microbiological culture media preparations 0.5% for motility and anaerobes and microaerophiles require 0.1% maximum. Agar Agar is a gel at room temperature, remaining firm at temperature as high as 65°C. Agar Agar melts at approximately 85°C, a different temperature from that at which it solidifies, 32-40°C. This property is known as hysteresis. Agar Agar Powder is generally resistant to shear forces; however, different agar may have different gel strengths or degrees of stiffness.Request
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Product Details:

Agar is phycocolloid extract of Red -purple marine algae (Class Rhodophyceae) including Gelidium, Gracilaria and Pterocladia. Agar Agar Powder is a vegetable Gelatin and one with high gelling properties which is used in microbiological culture media. It has characteristics of good clarity, controlled gelling strength and melting temperature. Good diffusion capacity absence of toxic inhibitions and free from minerals. Provide moderate flow and lighting with the supplement of Iron, Magnesium and Trace elements. High levels of phosphates or nitrates will inhibit the growth of these algae. Agar Agar Powder is used clinical, bacterial and yeast transformation studies and molecular biology studies, bacteriological agar is generally used 1 - 2% for microbiological culture media preparations 0.5% for motility and anaerobes and microaerophiles require 0.1% maximum. Agar Agar is a gel at room temperature, remaining firm at temperature as high as 65°C. Agar Agar melts at approximately 85°C, a different temperature from that at which it solidifies, 32-40°C. This property is known as hysteresis. Agar Agar Powder is generally resistant to shear forces; however, different agar may have different gel strengths or degrees of stiffness.Request
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Product Details:

Agar is phycocolloid extract of Red -purple marine algae (Class Rhodophyceae) including Gelidium, Gracilaria and Pterocladia. Agar Agar Powder is a vegetable Gelatin and one with high gelling properties which is used in microbiological culture media. It has characteristics of good clarity, controlled gelling strength and melting temperature. Good diffusion capacity absence of toxic inhibitions and free from minerals. Provide moderate flow and lighting with the supplement of Iron, Magnesium and Trace elements. High levels of phosphates or nitrates will inhibit the growth of these algae. Agar Agar Powder is used clinical, bacterial and yeast transformation studies and molecular biology studies, bacteriological agar is generally used 1 - 2% for microbiological culture media preparations 0.5% for motility and anaerobes and microaerophiles require 0.1% maximum. Agar Agar is a gel at room temperature, remaining firm at temperature as high as 65°C. Agar Agar melts at approximately 85°C, a different temperature from that at which it solidifies, 32-40°C. This property is known as hysteresis. Agar Agar Powder is generally resistant to shear forces; however, different agar may have different gel strengths or degrees of stiffness

Product Details:

Composition/Information on Ingredients  Ingredients                                       Gms/Ltr. 
Agar         13.50 
Peptone         10.00 
Lactose          5.00 
Sucrose          5.00 
Dipotassium phosphate        2.00 
Eosin - Y           0.40 
Methylene blue          0.065

Product Details:

Dehydrated Medium -  Cream to yellow colour, homogeneous mixture, free flowing powder - Complies Prepared Medium - Light amber colour, clear to slightly opalescent gel, but when blood is added cherry red colour, opaque gel forms – Complies

pH at 25 C    7.3 ± 0.2   7.3 

Product Details:

Dehydrated Medium -  Cream to yellow colour, homogeneous mixture, free flowing powder - Complies Prepared Medium - Light amber colour, clear to slightly opalescent gel, but when blood is added cherry red colour, opaque gel forms – Complies

pH at 25 C    7.3 ± 0.2   7.3 

Product Details:

Pharmaceutical Peptone is manufactured by means of enzymatic hydrolysis using purified Casein under controlled condition, purified, concentrated & spray dried. Pharmaceutical Peptone is certified suitable for preparation of Microbiological Culture Media or Cell Culture, in Industrial Fermentation's and in Media fill trials.

Product Details:

Potassium Schoenite is a double Sulfate of potassium Magnesium. It is a unique source of plant nutrition since three essential nutrients are naturally combined in to one mineral. It provides a readily available supply of Potassium, Magnesium and Sulfur to growing plants in an ideal ratio.

Features

• Potassium Schoenite is readily water soluble.

• It has a neutral pH, so does not contribute to soil acidity or alkalinity.

• It is effective on all soil types, irrespective of pH. Usually, it is useful for all crops for faster healthy growth.

Benefits

• It helps to provide a uniform distribution of nutrients when it is spread in the field.

• High in nutrition content.

• It may be used for a variety of crops

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POTATO DEXTOSE AGAR is used for the isolation and enumeration and culturing of yeast and molds from samples. It can also be used in the identification of fungi and yeasts in parallel with their cellular morphology or in methods of micro cultivation in slides. Dextrose and Potato infusion (BEEVER and BOLLARD 1970) promote the growth of yeasts and moulds while the low pH value partially inhibits the growth of the accompanying bacterial flora. Agar is a solidifying agent. If the medium is to be used for fungal counts and enumeration of yeasts and mold, the pH should be adjusted to approximately 3.5 to inhibit bacterial count. By the addition of sterilized 10% tartaric acid solution to 1000ml of sterilized medium to obtain a pH of 3.5. Fungi grow on this medium to develop typical morphology. This generalpurpose medium can be supplemented with acid or antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth.

Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) is a selective growth medium used in the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical samples and from food. It has a pH of approximately 7.4, leaving it with a bright pink or red appearance due to the indicator phenol red. Sugar fermentation lowers the pH and the phenol red indicator registers this by changing to yellow. Most gut bacteria, including Salmonella, can ferment the sugar xylose to produce acid; Shigella colonies cannot do this and therefore remain red.

Salmonella-Shigella (SS) agar is a selective and differential medium . It is used for the isolation, cultivation and differentiation of gram-negative enteric microorganisms isolated from both clinical and non-clinical specimens such as from feces, urine, and suspected food items (fresh and canned foods). This medium is not recommended for the primary isolation of Shigella as some of Shigella strains may not grow on SS agar due to relatively high level of selectivity.

Product Details:

Physical & Chemical Parameters:      

Parameters -  Specifications - Results

Dehydrated Medium -  Cream to yellow colour, homogeneous mixture, free flowing powder - Complies Prepared Medium - Light amber colour, clear to slightly opalescent gel, but when blood is added cherry red colour, opaque gel forms – Complies

pH at 25 C    7.3 ± 0.2   7.3 

Simmons Citrate Agar can be used for differentiating between fecal coli and members of the aerogenes group based on citrate utilization. It can also be used for the identification of certain fungi and fungi imperfecti. The agar has been used to perform a citrate test.

Sabouraud dextrose agar (sda) is a modification of dextrose agar originally designed by ‘raymond sabouraud’. Sda used for the isolation of saprophytic and pathogenic fungi from a variety of sources containing large numbers of other fungi or bacteria.

Sabouraud Chloramphenicol Agar is cited as Medium C and recommended for cultivation of yeasts and moulds. This medium was described originally by Sabouraud  for the cultivation of fungi, particularly useful for the fungi associated with skin infections. The medium is often used with antibiotics such as Chloramphenicol for the isolation of pathogenic fungi from materials containing large numbers of fungi or bacteria.

Casein enzymic hydrolysate and peptic digest of animal tissue provide nitrogenous compounds. Dextrose provides an energy source. Chloramphenicol inhibits a wide range of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria which makes the medium selective for fungi  The low pH favours fungal growth and inhibits contaminating bacteria from clinical specimens (4).

Rappaport Vassiliadis soya peptone broth (RVS broth) is used as an enrichment growth medium for the isolation of Salmonella species.^[1] It is not recommended for the enrichment of Salmonella Typhi, which is inhibited in RVS broth.^[2] It is an alternative to selenite broth. It is not associated with potential teratogenicity problems seen with the use of selenite broth. It enriches salmonellae because they are better able to survive the high osmotic pressure in the medium and because they can multiply at relatively lower pH and higher temperatures compared with other gut bacteria. RVS broth has a pH around 5.2.

POTATO DEXTOSE AGAR is used for the isolation and enumeration and culturing of yeast and molds from samples. It can also be used in the identification of fungi and yeasts in parallel with their cellular morphology or in methods of micro cultivation in slides. Dextrose and Potato infusion (BEEVER and BOLLARD 1970) promote the growth of yeasts and moulds while the low pH value partially inhibits the growth of the accompanying bacterial flora. Agar is a solidifying agent. If the medium is to be used for fungal counts and enumeration of yeasts and mold, the pH should be adjusted to approximately 3.5 to inhibit bacterial count. By the addition of sterilized 10% tartaric acid solution to 1000ml of sterilized medium to obtain a pH of 3.5. Fungi grow on this medium to develop typical morphology. This generalpurpose medium can be supplemented with acid or antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth.

POTATO DEXTOSE AGAR is used for the isolation and enumeration and culturing of yeast and molds from samples. It can also be used in the identification of fungi and yeasts in parallel with their cellular morphology or in methods of micro cultivation in slides. Dextrose and Potato infusion (BEEVER and BOLLARD 1970) promote the growth of yeasts and moulds while the low pH value partially inhibits the growth of the accompanying bacterial flora. Agar is a solidifying agent. If the medium is to be used for fungal counts and enumeration of yeasts and mold, the pH should be adjusted to approximately 3.5 to inhibit bacterial count. By the addition of sterilized 10% tartaric acid solution to 1000ml of sterilized medium to obtain a pH of 3.5. Fungi grow on this medium to develop typical morphology. This generalpurpose medium can be supplemented with acid or antibiotics to inhibit bacterial growth.

For detection of presence and absence of coliform bacteria in water. Kit contains sterile bottle   Principle There is a need for rapid methods to quickly determine the indicator bacteria and pathogens in water. Monitoring microbiological quality of drinking water relies on examination for indicator bacteria such as coliforms by using PA E. coli kit. It contains all the essential nutrients for the growth of coliforms, including Escherichia coli. Presence of Escherichia coli and coliforms is indicated by colour change of broth to yellow from initial purple colour. No colour change of broth indicates absence of coliforms.

Nutrient Broth is a basic media composed of a simple peptone and a beef extract. Peptone contributes organic nitrogen in the form of amino acids and long-chained fatty acids. Beef Extract provides additional vitamins, carbohydrates, salts and other organic nitrogen compounds.

NUTRIENT AGAR is used for less fastidious microorganisms as well as for permanent cultures (general purposes medium). The medium contains Yeast extract and Peptone as sources of nitrogen, vitamins, amino acids and carbon for potential microorganism’s growth

Müller-Hinton agar is a microbiological growth medium that is commonly used for antibiotic susceptibility testing. It is also used to isolate and maintain Neisseria and Moraxella species.

It typically contains:

• 2.0g beef extract
• 17.5g casein hydrolysate
• 1.5g starch
• 17.0g agar
• dissolved in 1 liter of distilled water.
• pH adjusted to neutral at 25 °C.^[1]

Five percent sheep blood and nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide may also be added when susceptibility testing is done on Streptococcus species. This type is also commonly used for susceptibility testing of Campylobacter.

It has a few properties that make it excellent for antibiotic use. First of all, it is a nonselective, nondifferential medium. This means that almost all organisms plated on it will grow. Additionally, it contains starch. Starch is known to absorb toxins released from bacteria, so that they cannot interfere with the antibiotics. Second, it is a loose agar. This allows for better diffusion of the antibiotics than most other plates. A better diffusion leads to a truer zone of inhibition.

Mannitol salt agar or MSA is a commonly used selective and differential growth medium in microbiology. It encourages the growth of a group of certain bacteria while inhibiting the growth of others. This medium is important in medical laboratories as one method of distinguishing pathogenic microbes in a short period of time.^[1] It contains a high concentration (about 7.5%-10%) of salt (NaCl), making it selective for Gram-positive bacteria (Staphylococcusand Micrococcaceae) since this level of salt is inhibitory to most other bacteria.^[2] It is also a differential medium for mannitol-fermenting staphylococci, containing carbohydrate mannitol and the indicator phenol red, a pH indicator for detecting acid produced by mannitol-fermenting staphylococci. ^[3] Staphylococcus aureus produces yellow colonies with yellow zones, whereas other coagulase-negative staphylococci produce small pink or red colonies with no colour change to the medium.^[4]

MacConkey agar (MAC) was the first solid differential media to be formulated which was developed at 20th century by Alfred Theodore MacConkey. MacConkey agar is a selective and differential media used for the isolation and differentiation of non-fastidious gram-negative rods, particularly members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and the genus Pseudomonas.

Lauryl Sulfate Broth is used for the detection of coliform bacteria in water and wastewater in a laboratory setting. Lauryl Sulfate Broth is not intended for use in the diagnosis of disease or other conditions in humans.

The coliform group of bacteria includes aerobic and facultative anaerobic, Gram-negative, non-sporeforming bacilli that ferment lactose and form acid and gas at 35°C within 48 hours. Members of the Enterobacteriaceae comprise the majority of this group, but organisms such as Aeromonas spp. may also be included. Procedures to detect and confirm coliforms are used in testing water, foods, dairy products, and other materials.

Lauryl Sulfate Broth, also referred to as Lauryl Tryptose Broth, is prepared according to the formula of Mallmann and Darby. During their investigation, Sodium Lauryl Sulfate produced the best results for inhibition of organisms other than coliforms. Lauryl Sulfate Broth, abbreviated as LSB, is used in the presumptive phase of the Standard Total Coliform Fermentation Technique in the examination of water, and coliform detection of foods

MRS agar typically contains 

• 1.0 % peptone
• 0.4 % yeast extract
• 2.0 % glucose
• 0.5 % sodium acetate trihydrate
• 0.1 % polysorbate 80 (also known as Tween 80)
• 0.2 % dipotassium hydrogen phosphate
• 0.2 % triammonium citrate
• 0.02 % magnesium sulfate heptahydrate
• 0.005 % manganese sulfate tetrahydrate
• 1.0 % agar
• pH adjusted to 6.2 at 25°C

The yeast/meat extracts and peptone provide sources of carbon, nitrogen, and vitamins for general bacterial growth. The yeast extract also contains vitamins and amino acids specifically required by Lactobacilli. Polysorbate 80 is a surfactant which assists in nutrient uptake by Lactobacilli. Magnesium sulfate and manganese sulfate provide cations used in metabolism.

Application

A liquid medium for the isolation, cultivation and enumeration of different microorganisms; useful for the detection of dextrose-utilization (after addition of a pH-indicator)

The Fluid Thioglycollate Medium formulation was first described in 1940 by Brewer.⁽¹⁾ This medium demonstrated that combining a small amount of agar and a reducing substance initiated the growth of anaerobic bacteria. The Fluid Thioglycollate formulation is the standard medium recommended by the Food and Drug Administration, National Institute of Health, the National Formulary, and the U.S. Pharmacopeia for sterility testing of clear fluid biologics and other sterile products.^(2,4,5)

The addition of a small amount of agar in the media aids in the initiation and growth of small inocula and anaerobes by impeding the diffusion of oxygen into the medium. It also retards the dispersion of CO₂ and the reducing substance from the microenvironment surrounding the inoculum. Sodium thioglycollate is a reducing agent which maintains a low oxygen tension by removing molecular oxygen from the environment. Peroxides, which may be lethal to many anaerobic organisms, are not formed under this condition. Cystine and casein supply carbon and nitrogenous compounds, dextrose is added as another energy source, and sodium chloride maintains osmotic equilibrium.

Xylose Lysine Deoxycholate agar (XLD agar) is a selective growth medium used in the isolation of Salmonella and Shigella species from clinical samples and from food. It has a pH of approximately 7.4, leaving it with a bright pink or red appearance due to the indicator phenol red. Sugar fermentation lowers the pH and the phenol red indicator registers this by changing to yellow. Most gut bacteria, including Salmonella, can ferment the sugar xylose to produce acid; Shigella colonies cannot do this and therefore remain red

Columbia Agar, USP is recommended by the U.S. Pharmacopeia for use in growth promotion testing of Clostridia.⁽²⁾Clostridium species have variable physiological capacities that govern their tolerance of oxygen and may range from strictly anaerobic to aerotolerant metabolisms.

Columbia Agar without enrichment can be used as a general purpose medium. This nutritionally rich medium was developed by Ellner et al. from Columbia University.⁽¹⁾ The formula calls for a combination of peptones from pancreatic digest of casein, peptic digest of animal tissue and beef extract, which support growth. Additional metabolic energy is derived from corn starch and yeast extract. Yeast extract also serves as a source of B-complex vitamins. Sodium chloride is added to maintain osmotic balance. Agar is the solidifying agent.

for identification and confirmation of microorganisms causing urinary tract infections. Urinary tract infections are bacterial infections affecting parts of urinary tract. The common symptoms of urinary tract infection are urgency and frequency of micturition, with associated discomfort or pain. The common condition is cystitis, due to infection of the bladder with a uropathogenic bacterium, which most frequently is Escherichia coli, but sometimes Staphylococcus saprophyticus or especially in hospital-acquired infections, Klebsiella species, Proteus mirabilis, other coliforms, Pseudomonas  aeruginosa or Enterococcus  faecalis. Chromogenic UTI Agar is formulated on basis of work carried out by Pezzlo Wilkie et al, Friedman et al, Murray et al, Soriano and Ponte and Merlino et al.

Chromogenic Coliform Agar is a fast, accurate, and efficient way to detect coliforms and E.coli during microbiological quality testing of drinking water, disinfected pool water, and treatment plant samples. The guideline, ISO 9308-1:2014 Enumeration of Escherichia coli and coliform bacteria –Part 1: Membrane filtration method for waters with low bacterial background flora, specifies a method based on membrane filtration, subsequent culture on a Chromogenic Coliform Agar medium, and calculation of the number of target organisms in the sample.

Product Details:

Pharmaceutical Peptone is manufactured by means of enzymatic hydrolysis using purified Casein under controlled condition, purified, concentrated & spray dried. Pharmaceutical Peptone is certified suitable for preparation of Microbiological Culture Media or Cell Culture, in Industrial Fermentation's and in Media fill trials.

Bile Salt Powder: Bile salt powder is developed by Titan Biotech Ltd. specifically for microbiological culture media. It is more purified and light in colour.

 

Use of Bile Extract Powder:

• It is used as an ingredient in microbiological culture media.
• Bile salt increases the selectivity of the medium by inhibiting gram positive microbes.